Heating Zinc Oxide

Heating Zinc Oxide 

AIM - To See what change occurs when we heat zinc oxide with a bunsen burner. 

EQUIPMENT - 

1 - Bunsen burner 

2 - Gas 

3 - Heating mat 

4 - Lighter 

5 - Tripod 

6 - Safety Glasses 

7 - Crucible 

8 - Crucible holder 

9 - Zinc Oxide 

RESULTS - 

The zinc oxide started from a standard white powder color and as it was slowly heated from the bunsen burner the color transformed into an almost neon yellow/green colour.  When we turned off the heat to let the zinc oxide cool down it returned back to the original white colour. 

DISCUSSION - 

When we heat up the zinc oxide some of it loses oxygen, During this process, the electrons in the atoms move shells/ levels as a result of this the colour of the substance changes. Therefore the reason behind the zinc oxide changing colour is because of the electrons moving between shells. 

Spirituals

What were spirituals? 

Spirituals were songs used by the African people who were enslaved and sold to work, they used them to convey hidden messages and communicate with each other. Though they had other purposes too, like uplift their fellow slaves and give them hope. 

Who was Harriet Tubman and what was the underground railroad? 

Harriet Tubman was an ex-slave who was famous for helping to free thousands of slaves to escape from their slavery. To help the slave escape she used the underground railroads which were underground passages that lead to all around the US, to sneak the slaves out of the slave states and to freedom.

Hidden messages behind spirituals - 

(Wade In the water)

(Lyrics) 

Wade in the water

Wade in the water

Children wade, in the water

God's gonna trouble the water

Who's that young girl dressed in red

Wade in the water

Must be the children that Moses led

God's gonna trouble the water

Wade in the water, wade in the water children

Wade in the water,

God's gonna trouble the water

Who's that young girl dressed in white

Wade in the water

Must be the children of the Israelite

Oh, God's gonna trouble the water

Wade in the water, wade in the water children

Wade in the water,

God's gonna trouble the water

Who's that young girl dressed in blue

Wade in the water

Must be the children that are coming through,

God's gonna trouble the water, yeah

Wade in the water,…

During this song, the hidden message was that they were better off to wade in the water so the dogs couldn't pick up their scents and sniff them out. Using this they were able to escape by using different routes and going through rivers and water. 

How are these events still significant today?

To this day people of color still have to fight for their rights, this was recently showcased with the black lives matter movement that occurred in 2020. The main message of the movement was that black lives should be treated equally. 

Home economics

 

My Element!

 If i were a metal element i would like to be Mercury and my symbol is Hg.

My atomic number is 80 which means I have 80 protons in my nucleus and 80 electrons around my nucleus. 

At room temperature, I will be a liquid. 

My melting point is -38.83 °C

My boiling point is 356.7 °C

We don't know who discovered mercury as Mercury or quicksilver has been known since ancient times. Mercury was known to the ancient Chinese, Egyptians, and Hindus and has been found in Egyptian tombs dating back to about 1500 B.C.

I am found in nature as very rarely the pure, liquid metal, but rather within compounds and inorganic salts.

My uses to humans are used to make thermometers, barometers and other scientific instruments. Mercury conducts electricity and is used to make silent, position-dependent switches. Mercury vapor is used in streetlights, fluorescent lamps and advertising signs.

Some interesting things about me are

 Mercury – named after a Roman god known for speed and agility – is a chemical element that has fascinated humans for thousands of years. Mercury is the only metallic element that is liquid under standard conditions. It flows easily and has very high surface tension, so it forms shiny rounded beads.

The Treaty Of Waitangi

 What I already know about Waitangi day - 

On the 6th of February chiefs from all over met to sign a treaty of peace between new Zealand and the British crown in 1840. To this day we celebrate the treaty by making it a public holiday for everyone in New Zealand. 

What I now know - 

Waitangi day commemorates the day when the first Maori chiefs signed the treaty between the Maori and the British crown, the treaty being written in both Maori and English. The British arrived in 1830 Although most British migrants arrived in New Zealand in the late 1830s, Already they had plans for extensive settlement. Lieutenant-Governor William Hobson had the task of securing British sovereignty over New Zealand. The settlement was written over a few days and Missionary Henry Williams and his son Edward were in charge of translating the treaty into Maori. The Maori spent a day debating the document and then the first signature was signed on the 6th of February by Hōne Heke followed by another 39 chiefs. By September another 500 chiefs had signed the copies of the treaty that had been sent around new Zealand. Later the colonial office in England declared that the treaty would apply to everyone whether or not their chiefs had signed the treaty or not. British sovereignty over the country was proclaimed on 21 May 1840. 

The Treaty is a broad statement of principles on which the British and Māori made a political compact to found a nation-state and build a government in New Zealand. Although Henry Williams's son Edward translated the English draft into Māori overnight on 4 February a few errors occurred with the translation, most significantly, the word ‘sovereignty’ was translated as ‘kawanatanga’ (governance). This created a lot of issues as the British believed that they had total control over the country whereas the Maori had signed to governance, and still believed that they had control over their lands and people. Different understandings of the Treaty have long been the subject of debate. Now the 6th of February is recognized as New Zealand's national day and marks the most important event in New Zealand history and is a public holiday. 

Goverment Source - 

https://nzhistory.govt.nz/politics/treaty/the-treaty-in-brief

Another source 

https://www.waitangi.org.nz/whats-on/waitangi-day/